IMIBUZO EVAMILE (IMIBUZO EVAME UKUBUZWA) MAYELANA NATHI AMAVISA

Inqubo yokufaka isicelo se-visa yase-US ingaba yinkimbinkimbi futhi cishe unemibuzo eminingi. Abafundi bethu babuze imibuzo efanayo izikhathi eziningana ngesikhathi sicubungula isicelo sethu se-Visa yase-US. Qhubeka ufunda futhi uthole izimpendulo zethu zale mibuzo.

 

 

NGINEVISA YAseMelika: NGINGEBA KANJANI ISAKHAMUZI SaseMelika?

Uma une-visa engeyona eyokufika, ayikho indlela yangempela yokuba yisakhamuzi sase-US. Kodwa-ke, ungashada nesakhamuzi saseMelika ngenkathi uya e-United States, okushintsha isimo sakho sokuthuthela kwelinye izwe futhi kukuvumela ukuthi uqale ukufuna indawo yokuhlala unomphela. Nokho, awukwazi ukuya e-United States ngezinhlelo zokushada nesakhamuzi saseMelika. Uma une-visa yokufika, khona-ke unendlela ecacile yokuba yisakhamuzi. Njengomnikazi we-visa wokufika, uthathwa njengomuntu ohlala unomphela e-United States (okungukuthi, umnikazi weGreen Card). Ngemva kokuhlala e-United States iminyaka emi-5 njengesakhamuzi esisemthethweni esisemthethweni, ungafaka isicelo sokuba yisakhamuzi sase-US. Indlela eya ekubeni yisakhamuzi yinde, kodwa ingase ifanelekele kwabanye abantu.

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INGABE WONKE UMUNTU UYIFANELEKILE I-ESTA?

Izakhamizi zamazwe kuphela ezisohlwini lwe-Visa Waiver Programme ezifanelekela ukungena e-United States mahhala nge-ESTA.  Uma uyisakhamuzi (ongesona isakhamuzi) selinye lamazwe akuHlelo Lwe-Visa Waiver futhi ubuzwe bakho buvela ezweni elingenayo i-Visa Waiver, cishe uzodinga i-visa. ukungena e-United States. Ukwengeza, i-United States isanda kusebenzisa imithetho ephathelene nokufaneleka kwe-ESTA. Awufaneleki ukuthola i-ESTA uma uphendula ngoyebo kule mibuzo emibili elandelayo:

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Uke waba se-Iran, Iraq, Sudan, Syria, Libya, Somalia, noma Yemen kusukela ngoMashi 1, 2011?

Ingabe unobuzwe obubili ne-Iran, i-Iraq, iSudan noma iSyria?

Uma uphendula ngoyebo kunoma yimuphi wale mibuzo, cishe udinga i-visa ukuze ungene e-United States, noma ngabe uyisakhamuzi sezwe le-Visa Waiver Programme.

 

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IPHELA NINI I-VISA?

Kunenqwaba yama-visa ahlukene akuvumela ukuthi ungene e-United States. Amanye ama-visa ama-visa okungezona abokufika, akuvumela ukuthi ungene e-United States okwesikhashana ngezinhloso zebhizinisi noma ezokuvakasha. Amanye ama-visa abokufika, akuvumela ukuthi uqale ukufuna indawo yokuhlala unomphela e-United States. Izikhathi zokuphelelwa yisikhathi kwe-visa ziyahlukahluka kakhulu. Isibonelo, i-ESTA inesikhathi seminyaka emi-2. Amanye ama-visa omsebenzi ahlala iminyaka emi-3. I-visa yesikhashana yokungeyena owokufika ingasebenza kuphela ngesikhathi esithile sohambo lwakho.

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iniIYINI I-VISA YASE-AMERICAN?

I-visa yase-US yidokhumenti yomthetho enikeza umuntu imvume yokuya e-United States. Ama-visa akhishwa yinxusa laseMelika lelinye izwe. Ukuze uthole i-visa, kufanele ugcwalise inqubo yokufaka isicelo se-visa ngaphambi kokuhambela inhlolokhono nesikhulu senxusa endaweni yangakini. Isicelo kanye nenhlolokhono kuzonquma ukuthi ukulungele yini ukungena e-United States noma cha. I-United States ikhuthaza abantu ukuba baye kuleli zwe ukuze bathole ibhizinisi, ukuzijabulisa, imfundo, namanye amathuba. Kodwa-ke, i-United States nayo inesibopho sokuzivikela ezinsongweni zokuphepha futhi ivimbele abantu ukuthi bangahlali ngokweqile kuma-visa abo. Inqubo yesicelo se-visa kanye nenhlolokhono yakhelwe ukunquma ukuthi ukulungele yini ukungena ezweni noma cha. Amanye ama-visa aqukethe isitembu kupasipoti yakho. Amanye ama-visa anephepha elinamathiselwe kwipasipoti yakho. I-visa yakho iqukethe ulwazi olubalulekile mayelana nomnikazi we-visa, okuhlanganisa imininingwane yakhe ye-biographical (igama nosuku lokuzalwa), ubuzwe, usuku lokukhishwa, nosuku lokuphelelwa yisikhathi.

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IYINI I-DIVERSITY VISA?

I-Diversity Visa, eyaziwa nangokuthi i-Diversity Immigrant Visa noma i-DV Programme, iwuhlelo lwase-United States lokuthuthela kwelinye izwe futhi luphethwe uMnyango Wezwe. Kuwuhlelo olusekelwe kulotho olwamukela izicelo unyaka wonke. Ngesikhathi esithile sonyaka, ama-visa abokufika athathwa ohlwini lwabafake izicelo ngokungahleliwe. I-Diversity Visa ifanelekela izakhamizi zamazwe athile kuphela, okuhlanganisa izakhamuzi zamazwe anezinga eliphansi lokufudukela e-United States. Uma ukhethelwe ukwamukelwa e-United States ngaphansi kohlelo lwe-Diversity Visa, ungangena ezweni ne-Green Card futhi uthole indawo yokuhlala unomphela.

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IYINI I-VISA ESEKELWE NGEMALI?

Amanye amazwe asebenzisa uhlelo lwe-visa olusekelwe kukufaneleka lapho abantu kufanele babonise ukubaluleka kwabo ngaphambi kokungena ezweni. I-United States njengamanje iphikisana ngokuthi kumele ilusebenzise noma cha uhlelo lwe-visa olusekelwe kukufaneleka. Uhlelo olunjalo luzocabangela iminyaka yomfakisicelo, imfundo, ikhono lolimi lwesiNgisi, amakhono, impumelelo, nezinye iziqu, bese lusebenzisa lolo lwazi ukuze lunqume ukuthi umfakisicelo kufanele angene e-United States noma cha. Ama-visa asuselwa ku-merit abizwa nangokuthi ama-point-based systems Isibonelo, iCanada isebenzisa uhlelo olusekelwe endaweni. Abasebenzi abanamakhono kwezohwebo abafunwa kakhulu bathola okubaluleke kakhulu ngaphansi kwe-Federal Skilled Worker Program yase-Canada. I-United States ingase isebenzise isistimu efanayo esekelwe endaweni noma esekelwe ekuzuzeni ngokuzayo.

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iniIYINI I-VISA YOMHLALI OBUYELAYO?

Isikhathi sokuqala lapho uthola i-visa yokufika, kufanele uhlale e-United States isikhathi eside. Uma ushiya i-United States ngalesi sikhathi futhi ungabuyi, uzolahlekelwa isimo sakho sokuthuthela kwelinye izwe. Nokho, kukhona okuhlukile kulo mthetho: uma ungafakazela ukuthi ushiye i-United States futhi awukwazanga ukubuya ngenxa yezizathu ezingaphezu kwamandla akho, ungase ufaneleke ukuthola i-Returning Resident Visa. I-Returning Resident Visa ivumela umuntu ukuthi abuyele e-United States futhi aqale ukusungula indawo yokuhlala unomphela futhi.

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SIYINI ISIMO ESIVIKELWE ISIKHASHANA (TPS)?

Isimo Esivikelwe Sesikhashana noma i-TPS wuhlobo olukhethekile lwesimo olunikezwa i-United States ezakhamuzini lazo amazwe asosizini. Uma kwenzeka inhlekelele enkulu noma inkinga ezweni, i-United States ingasho ukuthi izwe liseSimeni Esivikelekile Sesikhashana. Nge-TPS, noma yisiphi isakhamuzi salelo zwe esise-United States ngesikhathi senhlekelele singafuna isimo se-TPS futhi sihlale e-United States kuze kudlule le nkinga. Isimo se-TPS singahlala noma kuphi kusukela ezinyangeni ezimbalwa kuya eminyakeni embalwa.

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KUYINI UKUBUYEKEZWA KWE-VISA NGOKUZENZAKALELAYO?

Ukuqinisekiswa kabusha kwe-visa okuzenzakalelayo kuyinqubo evumela umuntu one-visa ephelelwe yisikhathi ukuba aye e-Canada, Mexico kanye "naseziqhingini eziseduze zase-United States" isikhathi esingaphansi kwezinsuku ezingu-30 futhi athole ukuqinisekiswa kwe-visa okuzenzakalelayo lapho ephinda engena. I-United States isebenzisa lolu hlelo ngoba izwe liyabona ukuthi kuthatha isikhathi esiningi nomzamo ukunweba noma ukuvuselela i-visa. Umnikazi we-visa kungase kudingeke abuyele ezweni lakubo. Ukuqinisekiswa kwe-visa okuzenzakalelayo kunikeza umnikazi we-visa amalungelo afanayo abengaba nawo ngaphambi kokuphelelwa yisikhathi kwe-visa yakhe. Inqubo yokuqinisekisa i-visa ezenzakalelayo iyinkimbinkimbi. Qiniseka ukuthi ufunda imithetho nemikhawulo ngaphambi kokuzama ukuphinda uqinisekise i-visa yakho.

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iniUYINI UMQULU WOKUGUNYAZWA KOMSEBENZI?

Izisebenzi ezingezona izifiki e-United States azikwazi ukuqala umsebenzi zize zibe ne-Employment Authorization Document (EAD). Lo mbhalo ungatholwa ngokushesha ngemva kokugunyazwa kwe-visa yakho. Nge-EAD yakho, ungasebenzela ngokusemthethweni noma iyiphi inkampani yase-US inqobo nje uma i-visa yakho isebenza. Abashadile nabo bayafaneleka ukuthola i-EAD uma befaneleka. Kufanele uvuselele i-EAD yakho isikhathi ngasinye lapho uvuselela noma wandisa i-visa yakho.

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IYINI I-AFIDAVIVITE YOKUSEKELA?

I-Afidavithi Yokusekela idokhumenti esayinwe ngumfakisicelo we-visa yokufika yase-US. Isibonelo, isakhamuzi sase-US singafaka i-Afidavithi Yokusekela sicela ukuthi abashade naso basijoyine e-United States. Enye yezingxenye ezibaluleke kakhulu ze-Afidavithi Yokusekela ingxenye yokusekelwa kwezezimali: umuntu ngamunye kufanele afakazele ukuthi unemali eyanele yokondla abashade naye e-United States aze athole umsebenzi. Umgomo walokhu uwukugwema ukuletha abantu bokufika e-United States abangase bathembele ezinhlelweni zezenhlalakahle zezwe laseMelika. Ukusayina I-Afidavithi Yokusekela kuyindaba ebalulekile futhi akufanele ithathwe kalula. Umuntu osayina idokhumenti unesibopho sezezimali somunye umuntu ngesikhathi se-visa yomunye umuntu (noma aze athole ubuzwe base-US). Eqinisweni, uma omunye umuntu engathola izimali ezinhlelweni zezenhlalakahle zase-US, umuntu osayine I-Afidavithi Yokusekela kufanele akhokhele uhulumeni wase-US ngalokhu kusekelwa.

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IYINI I-ESTA?

I-ESTA, noma i-Electronic System for Travel Authorization, idokhumenti ekuvumela ukuthi uye e-United States ngaphandle kwe-visa. Izicelo ze-ESTA zingaqedelwa ku-inthanethi kungakapheli imizuzu embalwa ufikile echwebeni lokungena lase-US. Uhlelo lwe-ESTA luyidijithali ngokuphelele. Ungagcwalisa futhi uthumele isicelo ku-inthanethi. I-ESTA izobe isivela lapho uskena i-ePassport yakho echwebeni lokungena. Izizwe eziningi ezithuthukile namuhla zinama-passport kagesi, kanti uhlelo lwe-ESTA luhlanganisa iningi lezwe elithuthukile.

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NGINGANGENA E-UNITED STATES UMA I-VISA YAMI IPHELELWE ISIKHATHI??

Uma uke wangena e-United States ngaphambilini kodwa i-visa yakho iphelelwe yisikhathi, kufanele ufake isicelo kabusha ngaphambi kokungena kabusha ezweni. Uma uhlala e-United States ngaphezu kosuku lokuphelelwa yisikhathi kwe-visa yakho, izobhekwa njenge-visa overstay. Ungase ubhekane nezijeziso ezinzima, okuhlanganisa nokususwa e-United States iminyaka embalwa (kuye ngokuthi ubude bokukhipha kwakho isikhathi bungakanani). Uma uzama ukungena e-United States nge-visa ephelelwe yisikhathi, isikhulu se-CBP sizokunqabela ukungena futhi uzodinga ukubuyela ezweni lakini. Ezweni lakini, ungafaka isicelo se-visa entsha noma ufake isicelo sokwengezwa kwe-visa.

 

 

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I-VISA YAMI IZOPHELA NGESIKHATHI ngise-UNITED STATES. INGABE LENTO IBI?

Uma i-visa yakho iphelelwa yisikhathi ngenkathi use-United States, ungase ungabi nalutho ozokhathazeka ngalo. Uma isikhulu se-CBP esisesikhumulweni sokungena sikwamukele e-United States isikhathi esithile, isikhulu sizobe sesiluphawulile usuku lokuphelelwa yisikhathi kwe-visa yakho. Inqobo nje uma usuka e-United States ngedethi isikhulu se-CBP esikubekele sona, ngeke ube nenkinga. Khumbula ukugcina isitembu sakho sokwamukelwa noma imibhalo yeFomu I-94 ephrintiwe ngoba isebenza njengerekhodi elisemthethweni lemvume yakho yokuba se-United States. Gcina la madokhumenti ngaphakathi kwepasipoti yakho.

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INGABE UNESIQINISEKISO SE-VISA UNGENA E-UNITED STATES?

I-visa yase-United States idokhumenti ekuvumela ukuthi uzame ukufinyelela echwebeni lokungena e-United States. Ukuba ne-visa akuqinisekisi ukungena e-United States. Isinqumo sokugcina siza esiphathini se-CBP esibuyekeza udaba lwakho. Isikhulu se-CBP sizokuxoxisana lapho ufika endaweni yokungena yase-US. Amadokhumenti akho kanye nemithwalo yakho kungase kuseshwa. Uma isikhulu se-CBP sisola ukuthi uqambe amanga kunoma iyiphi ingxenye yesicelo sakho se-visa, ungase unqatshelwe ukungena e-United States ngisho nange-visa.

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KWENZEKANI UMA I-VISA YAMI YENQWA?

I-United States iwaphika ama-visa ngezizathu ezahlukene. Isibonelo, i-visa yakho ingase yenqatshwe ngoba uqambe amanga ngemininingwane ethile ye-biographical. Noma, ama-visa angase anqatshelwe ngenxa yamarekhodi obugebengu noma eminye imisebenzi efanayo esikhathini esidlule. Uma isicelo sakho se-visa sinqatshiwe, unezinketho ezimbili: ungafaka isikhalazo ku-USCIS noma inxusa lase-US ezweni ohlala kulo; noma, ungafaka isicelo se-visa entsha. Ngokuvamile, inketho yakho engcono kakhulu ukufaka isicelo se-visa entsha. Cabangela ukukhetha i-visa ehlukile kulokhu. Ukunqatshelwa kwama-visa okuningi kuza nesizathu sokuphika. Gcina leso sizathu engqondweni. I-visa yakho yokufika yokusungula indawo yokuhlala unomphela e-United States kungenzeka inqatshelwe, kodwa usengakwazi ukuvakashela i-United States nge-visa yesikhashana ongafiki kuyo.

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Ngizoyithola yini imali yami uma i-visa yami yenqatshwa?

Uma i-visa yakho yenqatshiwe, ngeke uthole imbuyiselo. Ngeshwa, zonke izimali zokufaka isicelo se-visa azibuyiselwa. Isizathu sokuthi imali ingabuyi ukuthi izindleko ezifanayo zingena ekucubunguleni i-visa evumelekile njenge-visa engavumelekile. Kungakhathaleki ukuthi uyitholile noma cha i-visa, isicelo sakho sibiza inani elithile lemali ukusicubungula.

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Ayini ama-visa angapheli noma ama-visa eBurroughs?

I-United States yake yaba nento ebizwa ngokuthi i-Indefinite Validity Visas, eyaziwa nangokuthi ama-visa aseBurroughs. Lawa ma-visa bekungama-visa ezivakashi noma ebhizinisi agxivizwe ngesandla kwi-passport yesihambi futhi asebenza iminyaka eyishumi. I-United States ikhansele wonke ama-visa angapheli ngo-April 1. Uma une-visa engapheli, kufanele ufake isicelo se-visa evamile ngaphambi kokuvakashela e-United States.

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Iphasiphothi ene-visa yami yebiwe: yini okufanele ngiyenze?

Uma i-passport yakho yebiwe futhi i-visa yakho ingaphakathi kuyo, kubalulekile ukuthi uyishintshe kokubili ngokushesha. Uhulumeni wase-United States unekhasi elinikezelwe kumaphasipoti alahlekile nantshontshiwe, elihlanganisa indlela yokufaka umbiko wamaphoyisa kanye nendlela yokufaka esikhundleni Ifomu lakho I-94. Ungabuka lelo fomu lapha.

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Kuthiwani uma i-visa yami yonakele?

Uma i-visa yakho ilimele, kufanele uphinde ufake isicelo se-visa entsha endaweni yangakini yase-US noma kwinxusa.

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Ngisihlola kanjani isimo se-visa yomngane wami?

Yonke imininingwane yesicelo se-visa iyimfihlo. Umfakisicelo we-visa kuphela onemvume yokufinyelela ulwazi mayelana nesicelo sakho se-visa.

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Ngabe ngidinga i-visa ukuze ngifunde e-United States?

Izakhamizi eziningi zakwamanye amazwe zidinga i-visa ukuze zifunde e-United States. I-visa yabafundi ethandwa kakhulu yi-visa ye-F-1. Uma umfundi wakwamanye amazwe efuna ukuvakashela e-United States ukuze enze izifundo zemisebenzi, kufanele afake isicelo se-visa ye-M-1. Abanye abafundi bangase bafanelekele i-J-1 Visa, ebavumela ukuthi bavakashele e-US ngohlelo lokushintshisana. Abafundi baseCanada abayidingi i-visa yokufunda e-United States. Bamane badinga inombolo kamazisi ye-SEVIS, abangayithola kunoma yisiphi isikhungo semfundo esiqeqeshiwe e-United States.

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Ngisifaka kanjani isicelo se-visa yokungena e-United States?

I-visa yase-US engezona ezokufika ikuvumela ukuthi uvakashele e-United States okwesikhashana ngebhizinisi, ukuzijabulisa, nezinye izinjongo. Kunezinhlobo ezingaphezu kuka-20 ezihlukene zama-visa okungebona abokufika ngezinjongo ezihlukahlukene zokuhamba zesikhashana. Ngokuvamile, isicelo se-visa sase-US esingafiki siqala ngokugcwalisa ifomu le-DS-160. Leli fomu liyatholakala kuwebhusayithi yenxusa lase-US ezweni ohlala kulo. Ifomu le-DS-160 lingagcwaliswa ku-inthanethi kungakhathaliseki uhlobo lwe-visa olufunayo. Uhambisa i-visa, ukhokhe imali yesicelo, bese uhlela inhlolokhono nenxusa lasendaweni yangakini yase-US.Inxusa noma inxusa lizocubungula isicelo sakho futhi liqhube inhlolokhono mathupha ngaphambi kokuvuma noma ukwenqaba isicelo sakho.

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Ngisifaka kanjani isicelo se-visa yokufika e-United States?

Ukufaka isicelo se-visa yokungena e-United States kuvame ukuba nzima kunokufaka isicelo se-visa okungesona esokufika. Inqubo iqala ngelungu lomndeni noma umqashi wase-United States ofaka isicelo sokukuletha kuleli zwe. Isicelo sifakwe kwa-USCIS, ezosivuma noma isinqabele isicelo. Ngemva kokuba isicelo sesivunyiwe, ungaqala ukugcwalisa Ifomu DS-260 ku-inthanethi. Vakashela iwebhusayithi yehhovisi lenxusa lase-US ezweni lakini ukuze uqalise.

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Hlobo luni lwemibhalo edingekayo ukuze ufake isicelo se-visa yase-US?

Izidingo zedokhumenti ziyahlukahluka kakhulu phakathi kwama-visa ase-US. Isibonelo, i-visa esekelwe kubasebenzi izoba nezidingo ezihlukile kune-visa ye-B-2 yohambo lwesikhashana oluya e-United States. Ngokuvamile, uzodinga imibhalo elandelayo kuwo wonke ama-visa: 

• Iphasipoti evumelekile, usuku lwalo lokuphelelwa yisikhathi okungenani kuyizinyanga eziyisithupha ngemuva kosuku oluhlosiwe lokusuka e-United States.

• Izithombe ezibonakalayo noma zedijithali ezihlangabezana nezidingo ze-visa yase-US.

• Amadokhumenti abonisa ukuxhumana nezwe lakini nenjongo yakho yokubuyela kulo ngemva kokuvakashela e-United States (Okwama-visa okungebona abokufika)

• Amadokhumenti afakazela ukuthi unezindlela zezimali zokuzondla ngenkathi use-United States.

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Ibiza malini i-visa yase-US?

Izinkokhelo ziyahlukahluka kakhulu phakathi kwama-visa. I-visa evamile engeyona abokufika ibiza phakathi kuka-$160 no-$205. Kodwa-ke, amanye ama-visa angase eze nemali eyengeziwe, engakhuphula kakhulu izindleko ze-visa yakho.

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Kuthatha isikhathi esingakanani ukuthola i-visa yase-US?

Ngokuvamile kuthatha amaviki angu-2-5 ukucubungula isicelo se-visa esivamile sase-US. Lokho kuwukuthatha ngokuthi isicelo siqondile futhi azikho izizathu zokusiphika. Ngokuvamile, i-visa yokungena kwelinye izwe izoqedwa ngokushesha kune-visa yokufika. Ama-visa abokufika ase-US angathatha izinyanga eziyi-6-12 ukucutshungulwa. Ama-visa athile asekelwe kumqashi afanelekela Isevisi Yokucubungula I-Premium. Umqashi angase akhokhe enye imali engu-US$1410.00 ukuze i-visa icutshungulwe ngokushesha. Kulokhu, i-visa exhaswe ngumqashi ingavunyelwa esikhathini esingamaviki ambalwa.

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Ngingahlala isikhathi esingakanani e-United States ne-visa yami?

Wonke ama-visa ase-US angewona owokufika anedethi yokuphelelwa yisikhathi. I-visa yakho izokhombisa ngokucacile usuku ekhishwe ngalo kanye nosuku lokuphelelwa yisikhathi. Isikhathi esiphakathi kwalezo zinsuku ezimbili saziwa njengokufaneleka kwe-visa. Ukuba semthethweni kwe-Visa isikhathi ovunyelwe ngaso ukuya endaweni yokungena yase-US. Kodwa-ke, i-visa yase-US ikuvumela kuphela ukuthi uzethule endaweni yokungena bese ufaka isicelo sokungena e-US Iphinde isho ukuthi izikhathi ezingaki ungangena e-United States kuleyo visa. Okungacacisi i-visa ukuthi ungahlala isikhathi esingakanani e-US Okunquma ukuthi ungahlala isikhathi esingakanani e-US ku-visa yakho yiFomu I-94. Ifomu I-94 liphinde libe yimvume yokungena e-United States enikezwe isikhulu se-CBP esikhumulweni sokungena.

 

 

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Iluphi uhlobo lwe-visa olungivumela ukuthi ngisebenze e-United States?

Kunezinhlobo ezahlukene zama-visa ezikuvumela ukuthi usebenze e-United States. Isibonelo, izakhamizi zaseCanada naseMexico zingafaka isicelo se-visa ye-TN/TD ezivumela ukuthi zisebenze ezweni isikhathi esiyiminyaka emithathu. Ezinye izakhamizi zingaba nomqashi ukuthi afake isicelo se-visa ukuze avunyelwe ukusebenza e-United States. Ngaleso sikhathi, labo abanama-visa abokufika bangafinyelela isimo esisemthethweni sokuhlala unomphela (okungukuthi, ikhadi eliluhlaza). Ikhadi eliluhlaza likuvumela ukuthi usebenze e-United States.

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Siyini Isicelo Sezimo Zabasebenzi?

UMnyango Wezabasebenzi wase-US ukhipha Isicelo Sezimo ZemiSebenzi (LCA) noma Isitifiketi Sezimo Zabasebenzi (LCC) ezinkampanini ezihlela ukuqasha abasebenzi bakwamanye amazwe. Lesi sitifiketi sinikeza inkampani ilungelo lokuqasha abasebenzi okungezona izakhamuzi zase-US noma izakhamuzi zaphakade ezisemthethweni. Uma inkampani isinesitifiketi, ingaxhasa abasebenzi ukuthi bavakashele e-United States nge-visa. Ngaphambi kokukhipha Isitifiketi Sezimo Zabasebenzi, uMnyango Wezabasebenzi uzonquma ukuthi inkampani idinga ukuqasha isisebenzi sangaphandle. Umnyango Wezabasebenzi uzoqinisekisa ukuthi isisebenzi saseMelika asikwazanga noma besingafuni ukufinyelela umsebenzi. Lesi Sitifiketi siphinde sibonise ukuthi iholo lesisebenzi sangaphandle lizolingana neholo lesisebenzi saseMelika. Lokhu kuvikela isisebenzi sangaphandle ezindaweni zokusebenza ezingaphephile noma ezingalungile.

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iniSiyini isicelo somsebenzi?

Izinkampani zase-US zifaka izicelo zokuqashwa lapho zifuna ukuxhasa isisebenzi sangaphandle ukuze zithole i-visa yokuqashwa. Umqashi ufaka isicelo ku-USCIS egameni lalowo ozoba umsebenzi. Umuntu wangaphandle angafaka isicelo se-visa uma leso sicelo siphumelela. Isicelo somsebenzi sichaza imininingwane eyisisekelo ngomsebenzi ohlongozwayo, okuhlanganisa: isikhundla, iholo, kanye neziqu. Abaqashi kufanele bakhokhe imali lapho behambisa isicelo somsebenzi. Kudingeka futhi ukuthi banamathisele amaphepha asekelayo akhombisa ukuthi banayo imali yokukhokhela isisebenzi sangaphandle. Futhi, abaqashi kufanele babonise ukuthi bayayikhokha intela. I-Certification of Labor Conditions exhunywe kusikhalazo iqinisekisa ukuthi umqashi ukhokhela isisebenzi sangaphandle iholo elisiphilisayo nokuthi isisebenzi saseMelika asikwazi noma asizimisele ukwenza umsebenzi onjalo.

 

 

Ingabe ngidinga i-visa uma kuphela ngizodlula e-United States?

Uma uzodlula e-United States usendleleni eya kwelinye izwe, uzodinga i-visa. Ngaleyo njongo ethile, i-United States ine-visa ekhethekile ebizwa nge-C-1 Visa. Nge-visa ye-C-1, uvunyelwe ukuhlala e-United States kuze kube yizinsuku ezingu-29 ngaphambi kokufika endaweni oya kuyo. I-visa ye-C-1 ngokuvamile iyadingeka lapho udlula e-US ngomoya noma ngolwandle.

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iniYiziphi izinhlobo zama-visa aseMelika atholakalayo?

Kunezinhlobo eziningi zezinhlobo ezahlukene zama-visa ukungena e-United States. Wonke lawo ma-visa ahlukaniswe abe yizigaba ezimbili ezilandelayo:

• Ama-visa angewona abokufika.

• Ama-visa abokufika.

• Ama-visa ase-United States okungebona abokufika avumela abantu bangaphandle ukuthi bavakashele e-United States isikhathi esifushane ngaphambi kokuba babuyele ekhaya. Isibonelo, amanye ama-visa okungebona abokufika anikezwa ukusebenza, ukufunda, noma izinjongo zokuvakasha e-United States.

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Ama-visa abokufika ase-United States enzelwe abokufika abafuna ukuthola indawo yokuhlala unomphela ezweni. Lawa ma-visa ngokuvamile anikezwa labo asebenemindeni ezweni.

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Kuyini ukuqeqeshwa okungokoqobo ongakukhetha?

I-Optional Practical Training, noma i-OPT, iwuhlelo oluvumela abanikazi be-visa ye-F-1 ukuthi bahlale e-United States izinyanga eziyi-12 ngemva kokuthweswa iziqu kuyilapho besebenzela umqashi wase-US. Uma usanda kuthweswa iziqu enyuvesi yaseMelika, ungafaka isicelo se-OPT ukuze uthole ulwazi lomsebenzi. Uma usuyiqedile i-OPT yakho, kufanele ubuyele ezweni lakini noma uthole umqashi okuxhasayo ukuze uthole i-visa yomsebenzi. Abafundi abathile - ikakhulukazi kumadigri e-STEM - nabo banenketho yokufaka isicelo sesandiso se-OPT, esizobavumela ukuthi bahlale e-United States kuze kube izinyanga ezingu-24 ngemva kokuphothula izifundo zabo.

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Ngishada nesakhamuzi sase-United States: ngiyithola kanjani i-visa?

Uma ushada nesakhamuzi sase-United States, umlingani wakho kufanele afake isicelo sokukuletha e-United States nge-visa ye-IR-1. Umlingani (okufanele abe isakhamuzi sase-US) angafaka isikhalazo ku-USCIS. I-visa ye-IR-1 ingeyamalungu omndeni aseduze afuna ukusungula indawo yokuhlala unomphela e-United States. Ngaphansi kwe-visa ye-IR-1, ungahlala e-United States nomlingani wakho womshado ngenkathi uthola indawo yokuhlala unomphela. Eminye imibhangqwana ikhetha ukuthola i-visa yomshado noma yomshado ngenkathi i-visa yabo isacutshungulwa, nangaphambi komshado.

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Ingabe izingane zami zingakwazi ukuvakashela e-United States kanye nami?

Iningi lama-visa abokufika avumela abazali ukuba balethe izingane zabo ezingashadile e-United States. Ngokuvamile, izingane kufanele zibe ngaphansi kweminyaka engu-18, kuye nge-visa. Ngama-visa okungebona abokufika (okuvakasha kwesikhashana e-United States), izingane kufanele zifake izicelo zazo zodwa. Kodwa-ke, izingane ezingaphansi kweminyaka engu-14 azidingeki ukuba zize kunhlolokhono mathupha ehhovisi lenxusa lase-US noma kwinxusa.

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Ingabe abazali bami bangeza nami e-United States?

Uma uyisakhamuzi esisemthethweni esisemthethweni, awufaneleki ukufaka isicelo sokuthi abazali bakho bahlale futhi basebenze unomphela e-United States. Kodwa-ke, uma uyisakhamuzi saseMelika esineminyaka engama-21 noma ngaphezulu kweminyaka eyi-XNUMX, noma kunjalo, ungacela abazali bakho ukuthi baphile futhi basebenze unomphela e-United States. Ngokuvamile, abanikazi bama-visa bokufika abavunyelwe ukuletha abazali babo e-United States ngoba ababhekwa njengabancikile ngokushesha. Ngokuvamile, ama-visa abokufika akuvumela ukuthi ulethe owakwakho kanye nezingane obondliwa nguye e-United States. Nokho, akhona amanye ama-visa angakuvumela ukuba uxhase abazali bakho esikhathini esizayo. Ukuze uthole i-visa yokungeyena owokufika, abazali bakho kuzodingeka bafake izicelo zabo zama-visa ahlukene ukuze bakujoyine ohambweni lwakho lokuya eNyakatho Melika. Kungase kube khona okuhlukile okuvunyelwe ezimweni ezikhethekile, njengokuthi abazali bakho bathembele kuwe. Nokho, ezimweni eziningi awukwazi ukuletha abazali bakho e-United States nawe njengomhlali unomphela.

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Ingabe izingane zakithi zingeza nami e-United States?

Uma uhlala e-United States nge-visa yokufika, awukwazi ukuletha izingane zakini ezweni nawe. Kudingeka bafake izicelo zabo ​​ama-visa abo. Ukuze ulethe izingane zakini zizohlala e-United States njengabanikazi bamakhadi aluhlaza, kufanele ube isakhamuzi sase-United States futhi okungenani ube neminyaka engu-21 ubudala. Izakhamuzi ezihlala unomphela (okungukuthi, abanikazi bamakhadi aluhlaza) azikwazi ukufaka isicelo sokuletha izingane zakubo unomphela e-United States.

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Ubani ophethe ukucutshungulwa kwe-visa? Yimuphi umnyango kahulumeni wase-US ophethe ama-visa?

Ama-visa amaningi ase-United States aphathwa yi-United States Citizenship and Immigration Services (USCIS). Lesi sikhungo siyigunya eliyinhloko lokucubungula, ukugunyaza, nokwenqaba izicelo zama-visa ase-US. Lesi sikhungo siphinde sicubungule izicelo ezivela kubaqashi base-US abafuna ukuletha isisebenzi sangaphandle e-United States. Ngaphezu kokucubungula ama-visa, i-USCIS igcina amarekhodi anemininingwane yabo bonke abokufika abaya e-United States. I-USCIS iwumnyango woMnyango Wezokuphepha Kwasekhaya wase-United States (DHS).

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Kwenzekani uma i-visa yami iphelelwa yisikhathi?

Lapho i-visa yakho iphelelwa yisikhathi, kufanele ubuyele ezweni lakini futhi ufake isicelo kabusha. Ungafaka futhi isicelo sokunweba ngaphakathi kwe-United States, uma uhlobo lwakho lwe-visa lukuvumela. Uma uhlala e-United States ngemva kokuba i-visa yakho isiphelelwe yisikhathi, lapho-ke weqe imingcele yakho ye-visa futhi ungase ubhekane nezijeziso ezinzima. I-visa eyeqile ingajeziswa ngokuvinjelwa kokungena ezweni unyaka owodwa. Uphinde ube sengozini yokuxoshwa noma ukuboshwa izikhungo zase-US zabokufika.

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iniKuthatha isikhathi esingakanani ukucubungula i-visa yokungena kwelinye izwe?

Izikhathi zokucubungula ama-visa okungewona owokufika ziyahlukahluka kuye ngezwe lendabuko. Ezinye izicelo ze-visa ezingezona ezokufika zingasetshenzwa phakathi kwezinsuku ezi-5. Ezinye zithatha amaviki ama-4 kuye kweziyi-6. Ngokuvamile, isicelo se-visa esingahlali kwelinye izwe kufanele sithathe amasonto angu-3-5 ukuze sicutshungulwe.

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Ingabe wonke umuntu udinga i-visa yase-US?

Akuwona wonke umuntu odinga i-visa ukuze avakashele e-United States. I-United States inento ebizwa nge-Visa Waiver Programme (VWP) evumela izakhamuzi zamazwe angu-38 ukuthi zingene e-United States ngaphandle kwe-visa. Amazwe amaningi aseNtshonalanga namazwe aneminotho ethuthukile emhlabeni wonke asohlwini lwe-Visa Waiver Programme. Uma uyisakhamuzi sezwe le-VWP awudingi i-visa; kodwa-ke, kufanele usafake isicelo Ngohlelo Lwe-elekthronikhi Lokugunyazwa Kokuvakasha (ESTA) ngaphambi kokuvakashela e-United States. Uma ungesona isakhamuzi kwelinye lamazwe angu-38 we-Visa Waiver Program, cishe uzodinga i-visa ukuze ungene.